Mentha piperita, Syzygium aromaticum, Salvia rosmarinus, Boswellia carteri, Lavandula angustifolia, Eucalyptus radiata, Chamaemelum nobile, and Piper nigrum.

INGREDIENTS
Peppermint, Clove, Rosemary, Frankincense, Lavender, Eucalyptus radiata, Roman Chamomile, and Black pepper.

DESCRIPTION
Peppermint Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: Menthol, menthone
Pharmacological Action: Peppermint oil has analgesic and cooling properties due to its high menthol content. It acts as a natural pain reliever by blocking pain receptors, particularly those involved in headaches, and providing a soothing, numbing sensation.

Clove Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: Eugenol, eugenyl acetate
Pharmacological Action: Clove oil contains eugenol, a compound
with potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It can help alleviate headache pain by reducing inflammation and inhibiting pain signals in the brain.

Rosemary Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), camphor

Pharmacological Action: Rosemary oil has analgesic and anti-
inflammatory effects, primarily attributed to its 1,8-cineole content. It can reduce pain sensitivity and inflammation associated with headaches and muscle tension.

Frankincense Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: Boswellic acids, incensole acetate Pharmacological Action: Frankincense oil has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties that can help alleviate headache pain,
especially tension headaches. It may also promote relaxation and
reduce stress-related headaches.

Lavender Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: Linalool, linalyl acetate
Pharmacological Action: Lavender oil has calming and analgesic
effects, making it effective for headache relief. It can reduce muscletension, calm the nervous system, and promote relaxation, easing headache symptoms.

Eucalyptus Radiata Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), alpha-pinene
Pharmacological Action: Eucalyptus radiata oil has cooling and
analgesic properties, similar to peppermint oil. It can relieve headache pain by numbing pain receptors and reducing inflammation in the sinuses and temples.

Roman Chamomile Essential Oil:
Active Ingredients: Bisabolol, chamazulene

Pharmacological Action: Roman chamomile oil has anti-
inflammatory and calming effects that can help reduce headache intensity. It may also alleviate stress and tension, which are common triggers for headaches.

Black Pepper Essential Oil:

Active Ingredients: Piperine, beta-caryophyllene

Pharmacological Action: Black pepper oil contains piperine,
which has pain-relieving properties. It can enhance the analgesic
effects of other oils in the blend and provide additional relief for
headache discomfort.

Pharmacological Mechanisms Overview:
Analgesic Effects: Many of these oils, such as peppermint, clove,
rosemary, and frankincense, have analgesic properties that can
directly reduce headache pain by blocking pain receptors or
reducing inflammation.

Anti-inflammatory Properties: Oils like clove, rosemary, and
frankincense have anti-inflammatory effects, which can alleviate
pain associated with inflammation in the head and neck area.
Muscle Relaxation: Lavender, eucalyptus, and Roman chamomile oils can relax tense muscles, reducing tension headaches and promoting overall relaxation.
Nerve-Calming Effects: Certain compounds in these oils, such as
linalool in lavender and menthol in peppermint, can calm nerves
and soothe headache-related discomfort.