Garlic Oil (Allium sativum)
• Key Compounds: Allicin, Ajoene
• Mechanism:
– Potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial, effective against
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
– Disrupts bacterial biofilm and suppresses viral replication.
– Anti-inflammatory by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-1β.

• Effect: Reduces microbial load, calms inflammation, and supports
immune clearance.
Helichrysum (Helichrysum italicum)
• Key Compounds: Italidione, Neryl acetate
• Mechanism:
– Promotes microcirculation and reduces vascular congestion.
– Inhibits leukotriene and histamine release in local tissues.
– Facilitates tissue repair and reduces post-infection scarring.
• Effect: Reduces swelling and inflammation, supports healing of
soft tissues.
Frankincense (Boswellia carterii)
• Key Compounds: α-pinene, Boswellic acids
• Mechanism:
– Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, reducing inflammatory leukotrienes in
immune cells.
– Enhances macrophage-mediated clearance of infectious
material.
– Supports nerve calming in painful sites.
• Effect: Modulates inflammation, supports immune recovery,
reduces pain.
Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia)
• Key Compounds: Terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol

• Mechanism:
– Disrupts bacterial cell membranes and suppresses fungal
growth.
– Effective against resistant pathogens in otitis externa.
– Mild analgesic and anti-swelling effect.
• Effect: Fights infection, reduces inflammation, prevents secondary
fungal colonization.
Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
• Key Compounds: Linalool, Methyl Chavicol
• Mechanism:
– Antiviral and antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus
aureus, Pseudomonas, and viral otitis pathogens.
– Modulates prostaglandin synthesis and improves local
circulation.
• Effect: Supports microbial control, reduces inflammatory pain,
enhances lymphatic drainage.
Oregano (Origanum vulgare)
• Key Compounds: Carvacrol, Thymol
• Mechanism:

– Strong antimicrobial action against Gram-positive, and Gram-
negative bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

– Disrupts pathogen DNA synthesis and membrane permeability.
– Modulates inflammatory cytokines in local tissues.

• Effect: Potent immune support, and infection control; use in low
dilution to prevent irritation.
Carrier Oils
Grapeseed Oil
• High in linoleic acid and vitamin E.
• Enhances dermal penetration and reduces inflammation.
• Gentle on sensitive skin, especially for pediatric use.
MCT Oil (Medium Chain Triglycerides)
• Facilitates transdermal delivery of lipophilic molecules.
• Non-irritating and stable carrier for essential oil actives.
• Supports localized lymphatic and circulatory absorption.

Mechanistic Summary